Besides gaining huge popularity as touchscreen phones, touch screen are also found in ATMs, Airport etc. Why not to know the very basic science of it then? So here’s what Wiki and HowStuffWorks teach us, explained at Tech Affairs for the layman.
Touch screen are made of varied technology but the back bone comes from three techniques widely developed and used.
1. Resistive Type: The resistive type of touch screen has two layers, one resistive and the other conductive. Whenever the screen is tapped with a stylus or fingers, the two layers make contact with each other and a voltage difference is created. The voltage difference judges the coordinate and the position of the screen being touched are responded.
2. Conductive Type: A sheet of conductor is such set up so that it carries an electric field. Whenever the screen is touched the electric field is disturbed at a particular coordinate, the location of change in electric field is the location of touch.
3. Surface acoustic wave: This technology is used in touchscreen phones. On the screen two transducers are designed that converts physical variation into electrical signals. One transducer at the x coordinate and other at the y. Whenever a touch event occurs the transducer can detect the change in wave and a signal is sent from one transducer (may be of x or y coordinate) to the other and the signal judges the coordinate point where the screen was touched.
Surface Acoustic Wave technology has gained more momentum then the other two technologies mentioned above because unlike the other two, Surface Acoustic produces far clearer and bright display making it suitable for phone use. Resistive and Capacitive transmits 70% and 90% light respectively. Also the Surface Acoustic type doesn’t have metallic layer on the screen.
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